1. 文章的开头句
俗话说：好的开端等于成功的一半。文章开头非常重要，尤其是起始句。其实文章开头并不难，只要把自己对文章主题的看法表达出来即可，但很多文章的开头太突然，过于简单，缺乏写作艺术。为了避免这种情况，下面列举一些常用的句型，供参考。
1) When it comes to opportunity, the majority/most people believe that opportunities are rare and only fall on the luckiest persons, but other people consider it differently.
2) Nowadays, there is a public discussion about/over the issue of fake commodities.
3) With the development/improvement of industry, vast changes await this country's society.
4) In recent years, there has been a widespread attitude towards ideal jobs.
5) Now people in growing numbers are beginning to understand/accept that the world is getting smaller and smaller.
6) Now, it is commonly believed that lucky numbers can bring people good luck.
7) Recently there is a significant proportion of students who want to further their education. According to an official report...
8) In the past 5 years there has been a dramatic rise in the teenager smoking.
9) Recently the issue of private cars in China has been brought to public attention.
10) The problem of pollution has now arisen as note-worthy.
11) Nowadays, there are quite a number of people celebrating Mother's Day in China.
12) No idea is more dangerous / important now than the one that water is being seriously polluted.
13) It is a famous saying that practice makes perfect. The truth of it is self-evident.
14) It has now drawn public attention to the problem of pollution.
15) Have you ever thought/wondered that we need to broaden our knowledge?
16) There is an old saying "Haste makes waste". Now it still has a realistic significance.
17) Until recently, fresh water has been regarded as a plenty resource. But people are taking a fresh look at it.
18) Any visitor to this city/country cannot help being struck by the fact that traffic is the biggest problem.
19) These days we often hear about the saying that lucky numbers can bring good luck. But is this really the case?
20) Among the most important reasons given by the people for preventing pollution, one should be mentioned that...
注：对于以上句型，我们应当灵活运用。句中黑体部分或某些词汇或短语，可以根据具体情况进行适当的替换。
2. 阐明、论证常用的句型
我们都清楚，在目前各类考试的作文题目中，最常见的体裁是议论文，即针对某一问题或某一现象谈谈自己的看法。所以，了解一些说理论证的句型非常必要。
1) Although the popular belief is that ...， a new survey indicates that．．．
2) Contrary to widely accepted view, I argue that...
3) The advantage of ... outweigh any benefit we gain from...
4) The effect of contrast is heightened by the particular advantage.., enjoys.
5) When the advantages and disadvantages of ... are carefully compared, the most striking conclusion is self-evident.
6) They might be right about ..., but they seem to neglect to take into account the fact that ...
7) Although the inclination to is understandable, one may still wonder whether ... is fair.
8) It is true that ..., but it doesn't follow that ...
9) It would be natural to believe that.... but it would be foolish/wrong to claim that..., and it would be more foolish to believe that ...
10) There is absolutely no reason for us to reject that ...
11) To assume that ... is far from being proved.
12) A close inspection of these arguments would reveal how groundless they are.
13) In all the discussion over..., one important fact is generally overlooked.
14) There is an element of truth in these statements, but they ignore a deeper and more essential fact that ...
15) It is one thing to believe that..., it is quite another to say that...
16）You/One may argue that..., it probably will. But...
17) On the surface, it may seem a sound solution, but on closer analysis, we find that ...
18) The increase/change in... mainly results from that fact that...
19) One may owe the decrease to..., but ... is not by itself an adequate explanation.
20) There are different/a variety of causes for this extraordinary growth in... First... Second... Finally...
21) A number of factors could lead to the success/failure in...
22) As it turned out ,...
23) It may produce a considerable rise in...
24) It will exert a beneficial influence/effect on ...
25) It is no simple task to give the reason for this complicated tendency which involves several factors ...
26) Judging by appearance ,...
27) I have the complacent feeling that ...
28) It turned out that ... doesn't work at all.
29) Given that X equals 9,...
30) But in case of ..., it is quite different.
31) It's soul, so to speak, is...
32) There is no doubt that ...
33) My view is contrary to the others.
34) There is little to be said for ...
35) Why/are /do /did ... ? For one thing ,... For another,... Also ,... Finally ,...
3. 文章的结尾句
文章的结尾和开头同样重要。好的结尾句既可以重复开头的主题，起到首尾呼应、画龙点睛的作用，又能引起读者对全文的回忆、思索。当然，在文章结束时，切忌画蛇添足、空喊口号。下列结尾句供写作参考。
1) Judging from all evidence offered, we may safely draw/ reach the conclusion that lucky number can't really bring luck.
2) All the analysis points to a sound view that practice makes perfect.
3) It is high time that we put an end to the deep-seated/ unhealthy situation of waste.
4) We must search for an immediate action, because the current tendency, if allowed to proceed, will surely result in the destruction of our society.
5) There is no easy/effective approach to the problem of waste, but the methods we discussed above might be helpful.
6) No effective solution can be found to solve the problem of poverty, but the general awareness of the importance of education might be the first step in the right direction.
7) It is, therefore, apparent/clear that the task of education demands immediate consideration.
8) Since all of us have realized the importance of practice, why not put it into practice?
9) So we must be aware of the importance of variety of food in our daily life.
10) It has a far-reaching influence, for it stands for a sharp break with the traditional pattern of living conditions.
